Just type (for user with name ubuntu
):
userdel -r ubuntu
Just type (for user with name ubuntu
):
userdel -r ubuntu
1. Create file /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg
:
sudo nano /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg
with content:
network: {config: disabled}
Press CTRL+O and Enter to save, CTRL+X to leave nano
2. Edit file /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
:
sudo nano /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
In addresses:
section add your new IP with /32
at end. Example files edits at end of this post.
3. Test your new config:
sudo netplan try
It will count down from 120 seconds:
– open second SSH connection to server, to make sure that network still works
– ping new additional IP, server should return ping
If SSH and ping works, press Enter to stop countdown and then run:
sudo netplan apply
If connection to SSH is blocked or ping does not work, wait these 120 seconds, so it will revert your network changes. If you accept invalid network config, it may disable network on your dedic/VPS. Then you will have to reinstall operating system on machine or run Rescue Mode in OVH panel, but it may take around 30 minutes to fix server network config – OS reinstall is faster.
Before:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
enp6s0:
accept-ra: false
addresses:
- 2001:aa:aa:aa::/56
dhcp4: true
match:
macaddress: aa:aa:aa:00:d9:a0
routes:
(... many lines with IPv6 config)
After:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
enp6s0:
accept-ra: false
addresses:
- 2001:aa:aa:aa::/56
- 5.12.13.123/32
dhcp4: true
match:
macaddress: aa:aa:aa:00:d9:a0
routes:
(... many lines with IPv6 config)
Before:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eno1:
match:
macaddress: "a4:bf:01:22:90:c6"
addresses:
- "2604:aa:aa:aa::1/128"
dhcp4: true
accept-ra: false
set-name: "eno1"
routes:
- on-link: true
to: "default"
via: "2604:aa:aa:aa:9ff:ff:ff:ff:ff"
After:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eno1:
match:
macaddress: "a4:bf:01:22:90:c6"
addresses:
- "2604:aa:aa:aa::1/128"
- 5.12.13.123/32
dhcp4: true
accept-ra: false
set-name: "eno1"
routes:
- on-link: true
to: "default"
via: "2604:aa:aa:aa:9ff:ff:ff:ff:ff"
If you installed MySQL 8.0 and imported OTS schema.sql
with default settings, you database uses encoding not supported by MariaDB.
If you dump database using:
mysqldump dbname > dump.sql
and try to import it into MariaDB using:
mysql dbname < dump.sql
It will show error. To fix this, run these 2 commands:
sed -i 's/utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci/utf8_general_ci/g' dump.sql
sed -i 's/CHARSET=utf8mb4/CHARSET=utf8/g' dump.sql
To take a full screenshot of a site with all “scrolling content” in Google Chrome browser:
CTRL+SHIFT+I
CTRL+SHIFT+P
Capture full size screenshot
By default crashes are processed by apport
app, so first step is to disable it:
sudo systemctl stop apport
sudo systemctl disable apport
Then you have to set core file name to core
and disable adding PID to core file name. Create file /etc/sysctl.d/99-crash.conf
with content:
kernel.core_pattern=core
kernel.core_uses_pid=0
Then you have to reload system config:
sysctl --system
To check current core
file location config execute:
cat /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
If you want to disable IPv6, you are probably running project with some old code that is not able to process IPv6 REMOTE_ADDR
in PHP. I assume you do not use CF API at all, so fastest option will be to use global API key to disable IPv6 and then generate new global API key.
Get your CF account global API key from CF user panel: https://dash.cloudflare.com/profile/api-tokens
Execute in terminal with curl
installed (ex. Linux) or Postman:
curl -X PATCH "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/YOUR-ZONE-ID/settings/ipv6" \
-H "X-Auth-Email: YOUR@EMAIL.COM " \
-H "X-Auth-Key: YOUR-GLOBAL-API-KEY" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
--data '{"value":"off"}'
with your ZONE ID, CF E-MAIL and GLOBAL API KEY.
If you execute this curl
line on your Linux server without space as start of line, your CF global API key will be stored in Linux command line history. Generate new global API key in CF panel, it will disable old API key.
There is new always-free offer on Oracle site:
– AMD Epyc CPU: 2 servers, each with: 1 core, 1 GB ram, 50 GB HDD, 480 mb/s connection
– Ampere ARM CPU: 4 servers, each with: 1 core 2.8GHz, 6 GB ram, 50 GB HDD, 1gb/s connection
– 10 TB/month transfer limit for all your machines together
These 4 Ampere servers you can combine into 1 server: 4×2.8GHz, 24 GB ram, 50 GB HDD with 4gb/s connection!
You can also create 6 VPSes for 6 small projects.
Registration:
https://www.oracle.com/pl/cloud/free/
You will have to add credit card to account. Virtual/prepaid cards are not accepted. Revolut virtual card generated in smartphone application is not accepted, but physical Revolut card is ok.
It takes around 15 minutes to activate account after you register.
When you order any dedic or VPS, it always comes with all internet access opened by default. Here we get machine with almost everything closed (except port 22 for SSH). Every port is blocked in Oracle Cloud panel and in Ubuntu.
If you install nginx on it, it will say in webbrowser that site is offline. Read next 16 steps to unlock all ports.
Go to https://cloud.oracle.com/ and login to your account. Click on ‘Create a VM instance’.
Click on ‘Edit Image and shape’.
Click on ‘Change image’.
Select ‘Canonical Ubuntu’ and click ‘Select image’.
Click on ‘Change shape’.
1. Select shape ‘Ampere’
2. Unroll options
3. Change OCPUs number to 4, it will automatically change RAM to 24 GB
4. Tick ‘VM.Standard.A1.Flex’
5. Click ‘Select shape’
For next step machine configuration step, you must have SSH key pair. If you already have one, you can skip next 3 steps.
To generate key pair you need ‘Git Bash’. You can download it here: https://git-scm.com/download/win
Run Git Bash using Windows Search. Just type ‘git’, it should find it.
In Git Bash window type:
ssh-keygen.exe -t rsa
It will generate SSH key pair and save it in your Windows user directory, in subdirectory .ssh. This directory may be hidden (depends on Windows settings), so you can’t easily navigate there. In this case, you can open any directory in Windows explorer, click on address bar, type:
%HOMEPATH%/.ssh
and click Enter. It should open folder with your id_rsa.pub file. You can copy it on desktop or to Downloads folder, to make it easy to find.
On Oracle page scroll to ‘Add SSH Keys’ and select option ‘Upload public key files (.pub)’.
Select file ‘id_rsa.pub’ we generated in previous 3 steps in file picker (button ‘Browse’). Oracle will upload it to your new VPS. Git Bash with automatically login to your server using this key – using all keys which are in .ssh directory – when you use ‘ssh’ command in it.
Your machine should change status to ‘Running’ within 1 minute. On right top side of page, there will appear IP of your server. Copy it. We will use it later.
There will also appear ‘Virtual cloud network’ with some random name. Click on it.
Click on Subnet name – again some random value.
Click on Default Security List name – again some random value.
Click ‘Add Ingress Rules’.
In ‘source CIDR’ type:
0.0.0.0/0
and click ‘Add Ingress Rules’.
Network TCP – like Tibia and www – traffic is unlocked in Oracle Cloud panel. You may also unblock UDP protocol traffic, if you plan to host TeamSpeak or other application which uses UDP.
Now we got to unlock traffic in Ubuntu. Open Git Bash and type:
ssh ubuntu@x.x.x.x
with your server IP in place of x.x.x.x, like ssh ubuntu@138.3.243.101
On first connection it will ask you, if you are sure that you connected to valid server. Type ‘yes’ and press Enter.
You are now connected to your VPS, but you still can’t run web server or OTS on it. Type:
sudo su
iptables -I INPUT -j ACCEPT
iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
It will unlock all incoming traffic in Ubuntu.
Friend asked me about code to keep ‘auto loot lists’ in storage. So player can configure few lists of items and then just switch between them, when he goes to other spawn with different loot.
-- config local listsStartStorage = 550000000 local maximumListsCount = 10 local maximumElementsPerList = 100 -- variables for calculations local listOffset = maximumElementsPerList + 1 function lists_getLists(player) local result = {} for i = 1, maximumListsCount do result[i] = lists_getListElementsCount(player, i) end return result end function lists_getListElementsCount(player, listId) local startStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId return math.max(0, player:getStorage(startStorage)) end function lists_getListElements(player, listId) local result = {} local startStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId local listElementsCount = lists_getListElementsCount(player, listId) for i = startStorage + 1, startStorage + listElementsCount do table.insert(result, player:getStorage(i)) end return result end function lists_removeAllListElements(player, listId) local startStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId local listElementsCount = lists_getListElementsCount(player, listId) for i = startStorage + 1, startStorage + listElementsCount + 1 do player:setStorage(i, -1) end player:setStorage(startStorage, -1) end function lists_getListElement(player, listId, elementKey) local elementStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId + elementKey return player:getStorage(elementStorage) end local function lists_assertListId(listId) assert(listId >= 1, 'minimum list id is 1') assert(listId <= maximumListsCount, 'maximum list id is 1' .. maximumListsCount) end local function lists_assertElementKey(elementKey) assert(elementKey >= 1, 'minimum list element id is 1') assert(elementKey <= maximumElementsPerList, 'maximum list element id is ' .. maximumElementsPerList) end -- this is for internal use only, should not be used by user local function lists_setListElement(player, listId, elementKey, elementValue) lists_assertListId(listId) lists_assertElementKey(elementKey) local elementStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId + elementKey player:setStorage(elementStorage, elementValue) end -- this is for internal use only, should not be used by user local function lists_setListElementsCount(player, listId, count) lists_assertListId(listId) lists_assertElementKey(count) local startStorage = listsStartStorage + listOffset * listId player:setStorage(startStorage, count) end function lists_addListElement(player, listId, elementValue) local elements = lists_getListElements(player, listId) for k, v in pairs(elements) do if v == elementValue then return end end local elementsCount = lists_getListElementsCount(player, listId) lists_setListElement(player, listId, elementsCount + 1, elementValue) lists_setListElementsCount(player, listId, elementsCount + 1) end function lists_removeListElement(player, listId, elementValue) local elements = lists_getListElements(player, listId) local elementToRemovePosition = nil for k, v in pairs(elements) do if v == elementValue then elementToRemovePosition = k break end end if elementToRemovePosition then local elementsCount = lists_getListElementsCount(player, listId) for i = elementToRemovePosition + 1, elementsCount do local nextElementValue = lists_getListElement(player, listId, i) lists_setListElement(player, listId, i - 1, nextElementValue) end lists_setListElement(player, listId, elementsCount, -1) lists_setListElementsCount(player, listId, elementsCount - 1) end end
Player = {} function Player:new() o = {storages = {}} setmetatable(o, self) self.__index = self return o end function Player.getStorage(self, k) if (self.storages[k]) then return self.storages[k] end return -1 end function Player.setStorage(self, k, v) if (v == -1) then v = nil end self.storages[k] = v end function Player.dumpStorages(self) local storages = 'storages: ' for k, v in pairs(self.storages) do storages = storages .. k .. '=' .. v .. ', ' end print(storages) end local function printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) local playerLists = lists_getLists(player) for k, v in pairs(playerLists) do local listElementsString = '' for k2, v2 in pairs(lists_getListElements(player, k)) do listElementsString = listElementsString .. ' ' .. k2 .. '=' .. v2 .. ', ' end print ('list', k, 'elements', v, 'values', listElementsString) end end player = Player:new() print() player:dumpStorages() print('start - empty list') printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_addListElement(player, 2, 2001) lists_addListElement(player, 2, 2002) print('added 2 elements to list 2') player:dumpStorages() printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_addListElement(player, 1, 1001) lists_addListElement(player, 1, 1002) lists_addListElement(player, 1, 1003) lists_addListElement(player, 1, 1004) lists_addListElement(player, 1, 1005) print('added 5 elements to list 1') player:dumpStorages() printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_removeListElement(player, 1, 1001) print('removed first element from list 1') player:dumpStorages() printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_removeListElement(player, 1, 1005) print('removed last element from list 1') player:dumpStorages() printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_removeListElement(player, 1, 1003) print('removed middle element from list 1') player:dumpStorages() printPlayerListsElementsCount(player) print() player:dumpStorages() lists_removeAllListElements(player, 1) print('removed all elements from list 1') player:dumpStorages()
You can paste code and tests to online tool like: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/execute_lua_online.php
Dockerfiles tested on 2021-08-24. You can comment otservbr / forgottenserver part to compile just one sources.
FROM ubuntu:20.04 RUN apt-get update ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive ENV TZ=Europe/London RUN apt-get -y install tzdata # 1: forgottenserver (TFS) RUN apt-get -y install git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev zip ca-certificates pkg-config autoconf libmariadb-dev-compat libboost-date-time-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-iostreams-dev libpugixml-dev libcrypto++-dev libfmt-dev RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/otland/forgottenserver.git RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/build/ && make -j 16 # 2: otservbr-global RUN apt-get install -y git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev zip ca-certificates curl zip unzip tar pkg-config yasm autoconf RUN cd /home/ && git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg && cd vcpkg && ./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh RUN cd /home/vcpkg/ && ./vcpkg --triplet x64-linux install boost-asio boost-filesystem boost-iostreams boost-lockfree boost-system boost-variant cryptopp curl jsoncpp libmariadb pugixml spdlog RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/opentibiabr/otservbr-global.git && cd otservbr-global && git checkout develop RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../../vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake .. RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/build/ && make -j 16
FROM debian:11 RUN apt-get update ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive ENV TZ=Europe/London RUN apt-get -y install tzdata # 1: forgottenserver (TFS) RUN apt-get -y install git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev zip wget ca-certificates pkg-config autoconf libmariadb-dev-compat libboost-date-time-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-iostreams-dev libpugixml-dev libcrypto++-dev libfmt-dev RUN apt remove -y libfmt-dev RUN cd /root/ && wget https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases/download/7.1.3/fmt-7.1.3.zip && unzip fmt-7.1.3.zip RUN cd /root/fmt-7.1.3/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make -j 16 && make install RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/otland/forgottenserver.git RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/build/ && make -j 16 # 2: otservbr-global RUN apt-get install -y git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev wget zip ca-certificates curl zip unzip tar pkg-config yasm autoconf RUN apt remove -y cmake RUN cd /root/ && wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.21.1/cmake-3.21.1.tar.gz RUN cd /root/ && tar -zxvf cmake-3.21.1.tar.gz && cd cmake-3.21.1 && ./bootstrap -- -DCMAKE_USE_OPENSSL=OFF && make -j 16 && make install RUN cd /home/ && git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg && cd vcpkg && ./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh RUN cd /home/vcpkg/ && ./vcpkg --triplet x64-linux install boost-asio boost-filesystem boost-iostreams boost-lockfree boost-system boost-variant cryptopp curl jsoncpp libmariadb pugixml spdlog RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/opentibiabr/otservbr-global.git && cd otservbr-global && git checkout develop RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../../vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake .. RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/build/ && make -j 16
FROM debian:10 RUN apt-get update ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive ENV TZ=Europe/London RUN apt-get -y install tzdata # 1: forgottenserver (TFS) RUN apt-get -y install git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev zip wget ca-certificates pkg-config autoconf libmariadb-dev-compat libboost-date-time-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-iostreams-dev libpugixml-dev libcrypto++-dev RUN apt remove -y libfmt-dev RUN cd /root/ && wget https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases/download/7.1.3/fmt-7.1.3.zip && unzip fmt-7.1.3.zip RUN cd /root/fmt-7.1.3/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make -j 16 && make install RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/otland/forgottenserver.git RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. RUN cd /home/forgottenserver/build/ && make -j 16 # 2: otservbr-global RUN apt-get install -y git cmake build-essential libluajit-5.1-dev wget zip ca-certificates curl zip unzip tar pkg-config yasm autoconf RUN apt remove -y cmake RUN cd /root/ && wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.21.1/cmake-3.21.1.tar.gz RUN cd /root/ && tar -zxvf cmake-3.21.1.tar.gz && cd cmake-3.21.1 && ./bootstrap -- -DCMAKE_USE_OPENSSL=OFF && make -j 16 && make install RUN cd /home/ && git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg && cd vcpkg && ./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh RUN cd /home/vcpkg/ && ./vcpkg --triplet x64-linux install boost-asio boost-filesystem boost-iostreams boost-lockfree boost-system boost-variant cryptopp curl jsoncpp libmariadb pugixml spdlog RUN cd /home/ && git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/opentibiabr/otservbr-global.git && cd otservbr-global && git checkout develop RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/ && mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../../vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake .. RUN cd /home/otservbr-global/build/ && make -j 16
This script reads spawn.xml file and list monsters sorted by spawn time. You can easily detect monsters with too low or too high spawn times.
<?php
$spawnsFile = 'ots-spawn.xml';
function element_attributes($element_name, $xml)
{
if ($xml == false) {
return false;
}
$found = preg_match(
'#<' . $element_name .
'\s+([^>]+(?:"|\'))\s?/?>#',
$xml,
$matches
);
if ($found == 1) {
$attribute_array = array();
$attribute_string = $matches[1];
$found = preg_match_all(
'#([^\s=]+)\s*=\s*(\'[^<\']*\'|"[^<"]*")#',
$attribute_string,
$matches,
PREG_SET_ORDER
);
if ($found != 0) {
foreach ($matches as $attribute) {
$attribute_array[$attribute[1]] =
substr($attribute[2], 1, -1);
}
return $attribute_array;
}
}
return false;
}
$monsters = [];
foreach (file($spawnsFile) as $lineNo => $line) {
$line = trim($line);
if (substr($line, 0, 8) === '<monster') {
$monsterAttributes = element_attributes('monster', $line);
if (is_array($monsterAttributes)) {
if (isset($monsterAttributes['name']) && isset($monsterAttributes['spawntime'])) {
$name = $monsterAttributes['name'];
$spawnTime = $monsterAttributes['spawntime'];
$monsters[] = [
'line' => $lineNo,
'name' => $monsterAttributes['name'],
'spawnTime' => (int)$monsterAttributes['spawntime'],
];
}
}
}
}
usort($monsters, function ($a, $b) {
return $a['spawnTime'] < $b['spawnTime'];
});
foreach ($monsters as $monster) {
echo $monster['line'] . ',' . $monster['name'] . ',' . $monster['spawnTime'] . PHP_EOL;
}